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Erin O'Halloran

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East of Empire: Egypt, India, and the World between the Wars

Series
Middle East Centre Booktalk
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In this joint seminar with the Asian Studies Centre, Dr Erin MB O’Halloran, University of Cambridge, presents her new book 'East of Empire' (2025 Stanford University Press). Chaired by Professor Faisal Devji (St Antony’s College).
For many years, scholars, politicians and activists have drawn comparisons between the partitions of India-Pakistan and Israel-Palestine, two seismic events which took place mere months apart. Yet they were far more than comparable: the two partitions were in fact deeply interconnected, and share origins in the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire after World War I. In ‘East of Empire’, Erin O’Halloran reveals how the crisis in British Mandate Palestine created a crucial bridge between the Indian Khilafat movement of the early 1920s and Muhammad Ali Jinnah’s demand, from March 1940 onward, that Muslims of the subcontinent be given a state of their own.

Episode Information

Series
Middle East Centre Booktalk
People
Erin O'Halloran
Faisal Devji
Keywords
empire
history
india
middle east
egypt
ottoman
british mandate
indian khilafat
WWI
wwii
islam
Department: Middle East Centre
Date Added: 08/05/2025
Duration: 00:50:04

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Rahil Valani

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Dumitru Călugăru

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Dominik Hahn

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Nonlinear dynamics of active particles

Series
Theoretical Physics - From Outer Space to Plasma
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Dr Rahil Valani provides an introduction to active matter (a field focusing on active particles' nonlinear dynamical behaviors) exploring the active system of superwalking droplets that can exhibit hydrodynamic quantum analogs.
Active particles are non-equilibrium entities that consume energy from their environment and convert it into directed motion. They can be living organisms such as cells, bacteria, animals and birds, or inanimate entities such as colloidal particles or robots. A large collection of active particles, known as active matter, exhibits emergent collective phenomena such as bird flocks, mammalian herds, bacterial colonies and swarming robots. In this talk, I will provide an introduction to active particles and active matter -- a rapidly growing field of physics, focusing on the nonlinear dynamical behaviors of such particles. We will explore in particular the active system of superwalking droplets that can exhibit hydrodynamic quantum analogs.
Creative Commons Licence
Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK (BY-NC-SA): England & Wales; https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/

Episode Information

Series
Theoretical Physics - From Outer Space to Plasma
People
Rahil Valani
Keywords
active particles
non-equilibrium entities
organisms
colloidal particles
active matter
emergent collective phenomena
nonlinear dynamical behaviors
superwalking droplets
hydrodynamic quantum analogs
Department: Department of Physics
Date Added: 07/05/2025
Duration: 00:50:33

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The physics of “flat” electrons

Series
Theoretical Physics - From Outer Space to Plasma
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Dr Dumitru Călugăru explores the main strategies for engineering flat band materials, discusses band topology concepts and their relevance to flat band physics, and highlights the role of strong interactions in these materials.
Landau’s Fermi liquid theory, a cornerstone of condensed matter physics, explains why electrons in most metallic crystalline solids behave as free fermions with renormalized parameters at low enough temperatures. However, the most exotic phases of quantum matter emerge when this framework breaks down—typically when electron-electron interactions become strong enough to surpass the perturbative regime. Such interactions are naturally enhanced in flat band materials, where suppressed kinetic energy allows electron-electron repulsion to dominate.

In this talk, I will explore the main strategies for engineering flat band materials, with an emphasis on conventional crystalline systems while briefly touching on engineered heterostructures. I will also introduce key concepts from band topology in an intuitive manner and discuss their relevance to flat band physics. Finally, I will highlight the role of strong interactions in these materials and survey recent experimental realizations.

Episode Information

Series
Theoretical Physics - From Outer Space to Plasma
People
Dumitru Călugăru
Keywords
laundau
fermi liquid theory
condensed matter physics
electrons
metallic crystalline solid
free fermions
electron-electron interactions
flat band phyics
band topology
Department: Department of Physics
Date Added: 07/05/2025
Duration: 00:53:04

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How to program a quantum computer

Series
Theoretical Physics - From Outer Space to Plasma
Embed
Dr Dominik Hahn explains how a quantum computer is built, discusses how quantum operations are programmed in a way similar to classical computing, and showcases examples of quantum programs running on superconducting devices.
Quantum computers have the potential to solve certain problems much faster than classical computers, including simulating quantum systems and optimizing complex processes. In this talk, I will explain how a quantum computer is built, using superconducting quantum processors as an example. I will discuss how quantum operations are programmed in a way similar to classical computing, and how these instructions are executed on real hardware. Finally, I will showcase practical examples of quantum programs running on superconducting devices, illustrating how theory translates into real-world computation.
Creative Commons Licence
Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK (BY-NC-SA): England & Wales; https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/

Episode Information

Series
Theoretical Physics - From Outer Space to Plasma
People
Dominik Hahn
Keywords
quantum
quantum computers
quantum computing
quantum systems
superconducting quantum processors
quantum operations
quantum programs
superconducting devices
computation
Department: Department of Physics
Date Added: 07/05/2025
Duration: 00:48:20

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Eden Evins

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Princess Banda

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