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The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank: a first step towards a sino-centric regional order?

Series
Asian Studies Centre
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Drs Matteo Dian and Silvia Menegazzi give a talk on the AIIB at the International Political Economy of East Asia Seminar
This presentation will analyse the strategy that led China to establish the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) and its likely consequences for the regional and global economic order. The creation of the AIIB embodies a considerable shift for the Chinese approach to regional and global governance, constituted by an increasing will to promote a transition from a 'Western-led governance' to a more inclusive 'East-West co -governance'.
Is the AIIB initiative just an instrument created to sustain China’s economic prosperity and Xi Jinping’s call for a 'Chinese Dream'? Is it a consequence of China's growing frustration with the Bretton Woods' architecture? Or, is it rather a first stepping stone towards a new China-centered financial and economic order? Does this entail a relevant threat to the world's economic order and its institutions? Or is it more simply a symptom of the increasing normative and institutional plurality of the current international order?
In this light, the seminar will scrutinize Beijing's new multilateral project taking into account China's growing regional role, and in particular, it’s renewed centrality in the East Asian region. In the course of the seminar, particular attention will be devoted to the analysis of the challenges and priorities as discussed by Chinese scholars, policy analysts and think tank experts.
Creative Commons Licence
Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK (BY-NC-SA): England & Wales; https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/

Episode Information

Series
Asian Studies Centre
People
Matteo Dian
Silvia Menegazzi
Keywords
asian infrastructure investment bank
china
Department: St Antony's College
Date Added: 11/02/2016
Duration: 00:55:19

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Quantum Computer Simulation of Chemistry and Materials: Advances and Perspectives

Series
Oxford Physics Public Lectures
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Physics Colloquium 5th February 2016 delivered by Professor Alán Aspuru-Guzik

Quantum computers promise the numerically exact simulation of molecules and materials. Furthermore, they are amongst the algorithms that have the lowest resource requirements for surpassing the power of classical computers. In this talk, I will briefly introduce the basic concepts of quantum computing and quantum simulation. Then, I will review the recent rapid progress in developing more efficient algorithms that have been achieved by many researchers in the field including our research group. I will describe the families of available algorithms (phase estimation, adiabatic and variational quantum eigensolver approaches) as well as the status of several experimental implementations of them either carried out or underway. These implementations span most of the currently available quantum architectures including quantum optics, ion traps, NV centers and superconducting quantum bits. I will provide a prelude of the relevance of these applications to society and will conclude with the prospects of the field.

Episode Information

Series
Oxford Physics Public Lectures
People
Alán Aspuru-Guzik
Keywords
Physics
colloquium
quantum computers
quantum simulation
phase estimation
adiabatic
variational quantum eigensolver approaches
Department: Department of Physics
Date Added: 11/02/2016
Duration:

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How computers have changed the way we do physics - Breaking through the quantum barrier

Series
Theoretical Physics - From Outer Space to Plasma
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The power of available computers has now grown exponentially for many decades. The ability to discover numerically the implications of equations and models has opened our eyes to previously hidden aspects of physics.
Many exciting phenomena observed in condensed matter systems, such as superconductivity and the quantum Hall effect, emerge due to the quantum mechanical interplay of many electrons. The laws of quantum physics are governed by the Schrödinger equation, whose complexity grows exponentially with the number of particles it describes. Hence, even an approximate numerical solution of the Schrödinger equation is impossible for only just a few particles, not to mention for the millions of particles that are present in real materials. This talk focuses on a new approximation scheme in terms of so-called Tensor Network States, which allow for an arbitrarily accurate description of realistic quantum solid state systems at merely a polynomial overhead in the particle number, thus enabling efficient simulations of such systems on today's computers.

Episode Information

Series
Theoretical Physics - From Outer Space to Plasma
People
Thorsten Wahl
Keywords
quantum
particle
matter
materials
simulation
Department: Department of Physics
Date Added: 11/02/2016
Duration: 00:39:20

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How computers have changed the way we do physics - Structure in complex systems

Series
Theoretical Physics - From Outer Space to Plasma
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The power of available computers has now grown exponentially for many decades. The ability to discover numerically the implications of equations and models has opened our eyes to previously hidden aspects of physics.
In physics, "complex systems" are systems of many similar interacting parts, such as the interacting atoms that make up a solid or liquid, but also interacting organisms in an ecosystem, or interacting traders in the stock market. This lecture will discuss how recent advances in modeling and computer simulation have allowed us to apply physics-style approaches to these previously challenging real-world systems to learn about such things as the spread of diseases, the flow of traffic or the structure of entire human societies.

Episode Information

Series
Theoretical Physics - From Outer Space to Plasma
People
Mark Newman
Keywords
modeling
simulation
disease
structure
Department: Department of Physics
Date Added: 11/02/2016
Duration: 00:36:54

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How computers have changed the way we do physics - Chaos and climate change

Series
Theoretical Physics - From Outer Space to Plasma
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The power of available computers has now grown exponentially for many decades. The ability to discover numerically the implications of equations and models has opened our eyes to previously hidden aspects of physics.
In this lecture, Myles Allen addressed how computers have transformed our understanding of the role of chaos and exponential error growth in weather forecasting; and our understanding of how climate change is impacting regional weather. He showed how research in Oxford Physics, made possible by high-end computing, is demonstrating the crucial role of eddies in controlling ocean climate; and how the probability of extreme weather events may respond to rising greenhouse gas concentrations. He concluded by throwing out a more controversial suggestion that super-computers haven’t really contributed very much to the problem of predicting century-timescale changes in global average temperature, however much they may have contributed to understanding the regional implications of large-scale warming.

Episode Information

Series
Theoretical Physics - From Outer Space to Plasma
People
Myles Allen
Keywords
computers
weather
climate
error
Physics
Department: Department of Physics
Date Added: 11/02/2016
Duration: 00:51:57

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The Limits of Refusal: Israel, Lebanon, and the Shadow of 1982

Series
Middle East Centre
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Lecture given by Dr Seth Anziska (Department of Hebrew and Jewish Studies, UCL) at the Middle East Centre, St Antony's College, 9th February 2016. This event was co-sponsored by the MEC and the School of Interdisciplinary Area Studies.
Seth Anziska, UCL.
Creative Commons Licence
Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK (BY-NC-SA): England & Wales; https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/

Episode Information

Series
Middle East Centre
People
Seth Anziska
Keywords
Israel
lebanon
1982
refusal
war
Middle East Centre
MEC
SIAS
Department: Middle East Centre
Date Added: 10/02/2016
Duration: 00:39:03

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Variation across the human genome: a tricky balancing act in human health and disease

Series
NDM Public Engagement
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Genetic variation can have opposing effects on human disease, where the benefits of a protective variant against one disease can increase the risk of another.
I provided four examples of the Yin/Yang of genetic variation in human health and disease:

CCR5Δ32: This variant protects against HIV-1, but associates with risk of symptomatic West Nile Virus infection.
HLA-B*57: this is an HLA class I allele of the highly polymorphic HLA-B gene that confers protection against HIV-1, but associates with risk of psoriasis and abacavir hypersensitivity.
HLA-C expression levels: complex variation outside of the protein coding region of the HLA-C gene determines HLA-C expression levels, where high expression associates with protection against HIV-1, but it also confers risk of Crohn’s Disease and graft vs. host disease after transplantation.
Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors that confer activating states: These complex genotypes confer protection against KSHV infection, but among subjects with these genotypes who do become infected with KSHV, there is an increased risk of Kapok’s sarcoma.

Episode Information

Series
NDM Public Engagement
People
Mary Carrington
Keywords
genetic variation
hla
kir
hiv
hla-c expression
ccr5
psoriasis
wnv
abacavir hypersensitivity
kaposi’s sarcoma
ksvh
crohn’s disease
graft versus host disease
Department: Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine
Date Added: 10/02/2016
Duration: 00:52:21

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Heroes and Villains in Game of Thrones

Series
TORCH | The Oxford Research Centre in the Humanities
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Dr Carolyne Larrington gives a talk about Game of Thrones and the often complicated morality its characters have. Part of the Ashmolean Live Friday event on 29th January 2016.

Episode Information

Series
TORCH | The Oxford Research Centre in the Humanities
People
Carolyne Larrington
Keywords
Ashmolean
live friday
heroes
villains
game of thrones
fantasy
Department: The Oxford Research Centre in the Humanities (TORCH)
Date Added: 10/02/2016
Duration: 00:15:43

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Discovering Traherne

Series
Brasenose College
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Conversation between Nam Rao and Julia Smith on 17th century poet, divine and Brasenose College member Thomas Traherne.
Nam Rao (BNC 2011-14; PhD candidate at St John’s College) and Dr Julia Smith is General Editor of the Oxford Traherne and author of many articles on Thomas Traherne.
Creative Commons Licence
Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK (BY-NC-SA): England & Wales; https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/

Episode Information

Series
Brasenose College
People
Nam Rao
Julia Smith
Keywords
history
brasenose
poetry
devine
Department: Brasenose College
Date Added: 10/02/2016
Duration: 01:00:04

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Social and emotional early development: A programme to develop children’s social skills and help prevent bullying

Series
Department of Education Public Seminars
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Daniel Muijs, Professor of Education at the University of Southampton, gives a talk for the Department of Education public seminar series.
While dealing with bullying when it occurs in schools is extremely important, we are increasingly finding that prevention is better than cure. Ensuring that schools create a culture in which all pupils develop empathy and social skills, especially among so-called ‘bystanders’ (those pupils who are neither the bully or the bullied but whose behaviour can strongly influence both) may therefore help to prevent future bullying behaviours.
The Social and Emotional Early Development (SEED) programme was developed as an intervention to improve the social and emotional skills of primary school age children and build their resilience and empathy, resulting in more positive social interactions. The programme is based on principles of social and emotional learning, teaching thinking skills and gamification, and consists of ten discreet activities which encourage reflection through collaborative group work, prompted by a scenario depicted through a cartoon.
In this presentation we will present the programme which was initially run in three local authorities in England, and look at its impact on pupils’ behaviours and personal and social development. To do this we used a quasi-experimental design in which schools were randomly assigned to receive the intervention at different times.

Episode Information

Series
Department of Education Public Seminars
People
Daniel Muijs
Keywords
education
schools
bullying
research
Department: Department of Education
Date Added: 09/02/2016
Duration: 00:49:35

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