English medieval library catalogues - The Lyell Lectures 2019 (2)

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Professor Richard Sharpe, Lyell Reader in Bibliography 2018-2019 gives the second lecture in the 2019 Lyell series. Part of the series; Libraries and books in medieval England: the role of libraries in a changing book economy.

The histories of libraries in medieval England offer an insight into the intellectual and cultural life of the period. This should not obscure the fact that books made for individual use were more common than books for communal use. In these lectures, Professor Sharpe explains what evidence we have from medieval libraries; how our views of these may alter in the light of recent research; and the changing nature of libraries in medieval England.

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The Bodleian Libraries (BODcasts)

People

Keywords

Department: Bodleian Libraries

Date Added: 02/05/2019

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People's Landscapes: Contested Landscapes

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TORCH | The Oxford Research Centre in the Humanities

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A roundtable discussion of the history of land access and ownership, exploring how this has both physically and politically shaped our land and our access to it.

People's Landscapes: Beyond the Green and Pleasant Land is a lecture series convened by the University of Oxford’s National Trust Partnership, which brings together experts and commentators from a range of institutions, professions and academic disciplines to explore people’s engagement with and impact upon land and landscape in the past, present and future.

The National Trust cares for 248,000 hectares of open space across England, Wales and Northern Ireland; landscapes which hold the voices and heritage of millions of people and track the dramatic social changes that occurred across our nations' past. In the year when Manchester remembers the 200th anniversary of the Peterloo massacre, the National Trust’s 2019 People’s Landscapes programme is drawing out the stories of the places where people joined to challenge the social order and where they demonstrated the power of a group of people standing together in a shared place. Throughout this year the National Trust is asking people to look again, to see beyond the green and pleasant land, and to find the radical histories that lie, often hidden, beneath their feet.

At the first event in the series, Contested Landscapes, panelists discuss the history of land access and ownership, exploring how this has both physically and politically shaped our land and our access to it.

The Speakers:
Alice Purkiss National Trust Partnership Lead University of Oxford (Welcome)

Helen Antrobus National Public Programme Curator National Trust (Chair)

Dr Briony McDonagh Lecturer in Human Geography University of Hull

Helen Wright Visitor Experience Manager - Peak District National Trust

Dr Stephen Mileson Research Fellow University of Oxford

Kate Ashbrook Chair of Trustees Ramblers

For more information about the People’s Landscapes Lecture Series and the National Trust Partnership at the University of Oxford please visit: www.torch.ox.ac.uk/national-trust-partnership

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TORCH | The Oxford Research Centre in the Humanities

People

Keywords

Department: The Oxford Research Centre in the Humanities (TORCH)

Date Added: 02/05/2019

Duration: 01:07:38

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A President for Dark Times: the Age of Reason Meets the Age of Trump

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The Tanner Lectures

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An analysis of the phenomenon of Donald Trump’s presidency against the backdrop and contrast of the European Enlightenment’s influence on the Founders of the United States.

This lecture analyses the phenomenon of Donald Trump’s presidency against the backdrop and contrast of the European Enlightenment’s influence on the Founders of the United States. It also explains why his stark antithesis to Enlightenment values was a winning strategy in the 2016 presidential election and how it resonates with a shift from liberalism to populism, nativism, and authoritarianism. It also examines political forces in the U.S. that are opposing Trump as he ramps up his campaign for a second term.

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People

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presidential elections

Department: Linacre College

Date Added: 02/05/2019

Duration: 00:49:50

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Inaugural George Rousseau Lecture - Liberty as equality: Rousseau and Roman constitutionalism

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Voltaire Foundation

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Dan Edelstein from Stanford University gives the Inaugural George Rousseau Lecture, the convenor is Avi Lifschitz, Magdalen College.

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People

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Department: Voltaire Foundation

Date Added: 01/05/2019

Duration: 00:53:50

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A Westphalia for the Middle East?

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Changing Character of War

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This talk will discuss the parallels between the Thirty Years War and today’s Middle East and suggest ways in which lessons drawn from the congress and treaties of Westphalia.

It was the original forever war, which went on interminably, fuelled by religious and constitutional disputes, personal ambition, fear of hegemony, and communal suspicion. It dragged in all the neighbouring powers. It was punctuated by repeated failed ceasefires. It inflicted suffering beyond belief and generated waves of refugees. This description could apply to Syria today, but actually refers to the Thirty Years War (1618-48), which turned much of central Europe into a disaster zone. The Thirty Years War is often cited as a parallel in discussions of current conflict in the Middle East. The Peace of Westphalia, which ended the war in Europe in 1648, has featured strongly in such discussions, usually with the observation that recent events in some parts of the region have seen the collapse of ideas of state sovereignty -ideas that supposedly originated with the 1648 settlement. This talk will discuss the parallels between the Thirty Years War and today’s Middle East and suggest ways in which lessons drawn from the congress and treaties of Westphalia might provide inspirations for a peace settlement for the Middle East’s new long wars. The talk is based on a recent book and ongoing collaborative project.

Patrick Milton was born in Zimbabwe and is a German-British research fellow at Peterhouse, Cambridge, and an affiliated lecturer at the Dept of Politics and International Studies, Cambridge. He was previously a postdoc at Freie Universitaet Berlin and has been working on the ‘Westphalia for the Middle East’ project since 2016.

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Changing Character of War

People

Keywords

Department: Pembroke College

Date Added: 01/05/2019

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The Consequences of Refugee Repatriation for Stayees: A Threat to Stability and Sustainable Development?

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Changing Character of War

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Using longitudinal data from Burundi collected in 2011 and 2015, this paper explores the consequences of repatriation for stayee households i.e. those who never left the country during the conflict

Large-scale refugee repatriation is sometimes considered a threat to stability and sustainable development because of the burden it could impose on receiving communities. Yet the empirical evidence on the impacts of refugee return is limited. Using longitudinal data from Burundi collected in 2011 and 2015, this paper explores the consequences of repatriation for stayee households (i.e. those who never left the country during the conflict). Burundi experienced large-scale repatriation during the 2000s, with the returning refugees unevenly spread across the country. We use geographical features of the communities of origin, including altitude and proximity to the border, for identification purposes. The results suggest that a higher share of returnees in a community is associated with less livestock ownership, the principal form of capital accumulation in the country, and worse subjective economic conditions for stayee households. Additional analysis suggests that refugee return had a negative impact on food security and land access for stayees. The negative impact on food security largely disappears between rounds of the survey. Refugee return had no significant effect on the health outcomes of stayees. The article finishes with a discussion of the implications of the results for policies that aim to support refugee repatriation and long-term sustainable development in post conflict societies.

Dr Carlos Vargas-Silva is Research Director and Associate Professor at COMPAS. He is also the Director of the DPhil in Migration Studies and a member of Kellogg College. Carlos is also co-founder and current Associate Editor of the journal Migration Studies. He was also one of the researchers that developed the Migration Observatory in 2010, and acted as Director of the Observatory in 2014 and 2017.

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Changing Character of War

People

Carlos Vargas-Silva

Keywords

burundi

Department: Pembroke College

Date Added: 01/05/2019

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Religion, War and Terrorism

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Uehiro Oxford Institute

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In this New St Cross Special Ethics Seminar, Professor Tony Coady argues that religion does not have an inherent tendency towards violence, including particularly war and terrorism.

There is a widespread belief amounting almost to a cultural assumption in many influential circles that assigns to religion and religious difference an inherent tendency to violence. In this talk, Professor Coady highlights misleading implications and confusion between religious war and terrorism, particularly the ways in which causation and motivation of terrorist acts can be obscured by the concentration upon religious affiliation and rhetoric surrounding some terrorist perpetrators.

Creative Commons Licence

Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK (BY-NC-SA): England & Wales; https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/

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Uehiro Oxford Institute

People

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Department: Uehiro Oxford Institute

Date Added: 01/05/2019

Duration: 00:43:37

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Why the Responses to Address Intrastate Armed Conflicts fail?

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Changing Character of War

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Michael von der Schulenburg will discuss the shortcomings of the UN Charter to regulate foreign military interventions and paradoxes in UN peacekeeping

The character of wars is changing. Today, wars between nation-states have largely disappeared and armed conflicts between states and belligerent non-state actors have become predominant. But has the international community found the right answers to deal with such intrastate armed conflicts? Schulenburg will argue, no. In a future world of 11 billion people, intra-state conflicts are likely to increase. Finding better answers to address this is becoming, and will continue to be, ever more pressing. But would this be possible in a world of increasing great-power rivalries?
Mr Schulenburg will discuss the shortcomings of the UN Charter to regulate foreign military interventions and paradoxes in UN peacekeeping as well as ambiguities in determining the legitimacy of embattled governments and in responding to armed non-state actors. He will review problems of interpreting self-determination and identifying national identities and describe resulting difficulties in implementing ceasefire and peace agreements or in writing national constitutions and holding elections.

Michael von der Schulenburg, former UN Assistant Secretary General with political affairs with 34 experience working for the UN and the OSCE in many of the world’s trouble spots such as in Haiti, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Iran, Iraq and Sierra Leone with shorter assignments in Syria, Somalia, the Balkan and the Sahel. His experience involved the whole range of UN activities from development and humanitarian assistance to management, political affairs and peacekeeping.

Creative Commons Licence

Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK (BY-NC-SA): England & Wales; https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/

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Changing Character of War

People

Michael von der Schulenburg

Keywords

United Nations

armed conflict

building peace

Department: Pembroke College

Date Added: 01/05/2019

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Episode 2: We Grow out of the Past

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Staying Alive: Poetry and Crisis

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Interview with UK poet and translator Sasha Dugdale, author of Red House (2011) and Joy (2017)

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Staying Alive: Poetry and Crisis

People

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Department: Faculty of Oriental Studies

Date Added: 01/05/2019

Duration: 00:31:51

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Revolution in Iran 1978-1979: Assessments and Reassessments upon the Fortieth Anniversary

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Middle East Centre

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Middle East Centre seminar with Touraj Atabaki (International Institute of Social History, Amsterdam), Stephanie Cronin (Oxford University, Siavush Randjbar Daemi (University of St Andrews). Chaired by Eskandar Sadeghi-Boroujerdi (University of Oxford)

Paper titles and abstracts: Stephanie Cronin (University of Oxford) - The Global 1970s and the Iranian Revolution.

The Iranian revolution of 1977-79 has usually been analysed within the confines of national history. This talk rather places both the revolution itself, and the new regime which eventually emerged from it, in their global contexts and historical periods. Beginning with some comments on the nature of revolutions in general, the talk then locates the Iranian revolution in the context of the 'Red Decade' of the 1970s, and the formation of the Islamic republic in the succeeding global period - one of neo-liberalism, authoritarianism and social conservatism.

Siavush Randjbar Daemi (University of St Andrews) - Bystanders or Participants? The Non-Clerical opposition to the Shah in 1977-1979

Most scholarly accounts of the Iranian Revolution have focused on the role and agency of the clergy led by Ayatollah Khomeini and its close lay allies. This talk will provide an overview instead of the initiatives and agency of the non-clerical opposition to the Shah from the start of Jimmy-Kerasi in 1977 to the victory of the Revolution. It will note the non-clerical opposition’s role in the initial stages of the revolt against the monarchical regime, as well as the unfruitful attempts by the Shah to bring one of its main components, the National Front, into government.

Touraj Atabaki (International Institute of Social History, Amsterdam) - Was the Iranian Revolution (1978-1979) Inevitable?