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Beyond accuracy: Evidence gaps and unintended consequences. Factors influencing utility of point-of-care diagnostic tests

Series
Evidence-Based Health Care
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Point-of-care or near-patient-tests, are as these descriptors suggest, medical diagnostic tests which can be performed by a clinician, patient, or carer of a patient, without the need for samples to be transported to laboratories.

These tests usually yield results rapidly, with clear convenience benefits for patients but with the potential to variably impact on clinicians. Our research suggests that evaluations of point-of-care tests usually focus on the accuracy of these tests when compared to the ‘reference standard’ laboratory tests, with manufacturers aiming to achieve equivalence or non-inferiority. This is admirable and essential, however the broader impact of tests on the relevant clinical pathways and patient health are often neglected.
This talk will outline the areas of evidence which are frequently underrepresented in point-of-care test evaluations and will explore some of the more nuanced and unusual barriers and impacts of test introduction using some true and hypothetical examples to illustrate the inherent complexity of the test-pathway nexus.
Phil Turner is a diagnostics researcher and Manager of the Community Healthcare MIC. His role incorporates responsibility for liaising with members of the in vitro diagnostics industry and for facilitating interactions with the MIC research team. His research has focussed on the diagnostic needs of clinicians, barriers to implementation, and the identification of evidence gaps which commonly exist in the evidence base for point-of-care diagnostic tests. He has a personal interest in IVDs which could be deployed in resource-limited settings.
His background is in cell physiology, membrane transport processes and signalling and he has a particular interest in the control of ventilation and in particular how humans respond to changes in the partial pressure of inspired oxygen. He has an associated interest in the physiology and medicine of life in remote regions and at high altitude.
This talk was held as part of the Evidence-Based Diagnosis and Screening course which is part of the Evidence-Based Health Care Programme.

Episode Information

Series
Evidence-Based Health Care
People
Phil Turner
Keywords
EMB
Evidence-Based Medicine
Primary Care
Health Sciences
EBHC
Evidence-Based Health Care
Department: Medical Sciences Division
Date Added: 30/01/2018
Duration:

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The Gulf Crisis

Series
Middle East Centre
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Madawi al-Rasheed (LSE) and Courtney Freer (LSE), give a talk for the Middle East Centre Seminar Series at St Anthony's College Oxford, chaired by Toby Matthiesen (St Anthony's College).
Dr Courtney Freer is a Research Officer at the Kuwait Programme at the London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE). Her work focuses on the domestic politics of the Arab Gulf states, with a particular focus on Islamism and tribalism. Her DPhil thesis at the University of Oxford revised rentier state theory by examining the socio-political role played by Muslim Brotherhood groups in Kuwait, Qatar, and the UAE; a book version of these findings will be published by Oxford University Press in Spring 2018 under the title Rentier Islamism: The Influence of the Muslim Brotherhood in Gulf Monarchies. She previously worked as a Research Assistant at the Brookings Doha Center and as a researcher at the US-Saudi Arabian Business Council.

Professor Madawi Al-Rasheed is Visiting Professor at the Middle East Centre, London School of Economics. Previously she was Professor of Social Anthropology at King’s College, London and Visiting Research professor at the Middle East Institute, National University of Singapore. Her research focuses on history, society, religion and politics in Saudi Arabia and the Gulf, Middle Eastern Christian minorities in Britain, Arab migration, Islamist movements, state and gender relations, and Islamic modernism. Her latest book Muted Modernists: the Struggle over Divine Politics in Saudi Arabia was published by Hurst in 2015. Her presentation draws on her forthcoming edited volume: Salman’s Legacy: the dilemmas of a new era published by Hurst and OUP in March 2018.
Creative Commons Licence
Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK (BY-NC-SA): England & Wales; https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/

Episode Information

Series
Middle East Centre
People
Madawi al-Rasheed
Courtney Freer
Toby Matthiesen
Keywords
middle east
politics
Gulf
economics
Department: Middle East Centre
Date Added: 29/01/2018
Duration: 00:56:00

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Not-for-Profit Journalism: A New Model

Series
Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism
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Rachel Oldroyd (Managing Editor, Bureau of Investigative Journalism), gives a talk for the Business and Practice of Journalism Seminar Series.

Episode Information

Series
Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism
People
Rachel Oldroyd
Keywords
politics
journalism
Investigative Journalism
Department: Department of Politics and International Relations (DPIR)
Date Added: 29/01/2018
Duration: 00:47:30

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How do you measure a Mars quake?

Series
Big Questions - with Oxford Sparks
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In this episode of the Big Questions podcast, we visited Dr Neil Bowles, Jane Hurley and Tristram Warren from the Atmospheric Oceanic & Planetary Physics Department to ask the question: how do you measure a Mars quake?
When the ground shakes on Earth we call them earthquakes. Even weak ones can be detected by 'seismometers' and from listening carefully to them we can learn a lot about the makeup of the planet - that it has a solid core, molten mantle under a thin crust. But can we learn anything from listening out for quakes on Mars?
This May 2018 the InSight lander will be launched and head to Mars, landing in November 2018 in the quest to hear Mars Quakes!

Episode Information

Series
Big Questions - with Oxford Sparks
People
Neil Bowles
Jane Hurley
Tristram Warren
Keywords
discovering planets
space
mars
Department: Mathematical, Physical and Life Sciences (MPLS)
Date Added: 29/01/2018
Duration: 00:13:51

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A History of Algeria

Series
TORCH | The Oxford Research Centre in the Humanities
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James McDougall presents an expansive new account of the modern history of Africa's largest country
Covering a period of five hundred years, from the arrival of the Ottomans to the aftermath of the Arab uprisings, James McDougall presents an expansive new account of the modern history of Africa's largest country. Drawing on substantial new scholarship and over a decade of research, McDougall places Algerian society at the centre of the story, tracing the continuities and the resilience of Algeria's people and their cultures through the dramatic changes and crises that have marked the country. Whether examining the emergence of the Ottoman viceroyalty in the early modern Mediterranean, the 130 years of French colonial rule and the revolutionary war of independence, the Third World nation-building of the 1960s and 1970s, or the terrible violence of the 1990s, this book will appeal to a wide variety of readers in African and Middle Eastern history and politics, as well as those concerned with the wider affairs of the Mediterranean.

Episode Information

Series
TORCH | The Oxford Research Centre in the Humanities
People
James McDougal
Eugene Rogan
Laleh Khalili
Robert Gildea
Philip Bullock
Keywords
algeria
Ottoman Empire
arab uprising
Africa
Department: The Oxford Research Centre in the Humanities (TORCH)
Date Added: 25/01/2018
Duration: 00:45:17

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Galaxy Dynamics: The chemical evolution side

Series
Theoretical Physics - From Outer Space to Plasma
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Dr Ralph Schoenrich will talk about the chemical evolution side
Spiral density waves patterns re-distribute stars throughout the entire system, making it impossible to know a star's origin from just its kinematics. However, stars are more than just points in phase space: every star is labelled with the elemental abundances of the gas cloud from which it was formed. Over the last few years a number of observational campaigns have started to measure these labels for millions of stars in our own Galaxy's disc. Ralph Schoenrich will describe how chemodynamical models are being used to piece together the evolution of our Galactic environment from presolar times to the present.

Episode Information

Series
Theoretical Physics - From Outer Space to Plasma
People
Ralph Schoenrich
Keywords
galaxy
gravity
dynamics
Department: Department of Physics
Date Added: 25/01/2018
Duration: 00:39:04

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Literacy and foundation learning in multilingual India

Series
Department of Education Public Seminars
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Dr Sonali Nag, Oxford Departmant of Education, gives a talk for the public seminar series hosted by the department's Families, Effecrive Learning and Literacy Research Group

Episode Information

Series
Department of Education Public Seminars
People
Dr Sonali Nag
Keywords
language
linguistics
literacy
learning
children
india
Department: Department of Education
Date Added: 25/01/2018
Duration: 01:01:45

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Galaxy Dynamics: The dynamics of galaxy discs

Series
Theoretical Physics - From Outer Space to Plasma
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Dr John Magorrian will talk about the dynamics of galaxy discs
In galaxy discs it is energetically favourable for angular momentum to move outwards and mass to move inwards. This transportation is effected by spiral arms, but what causes them? Simple linear response calculations demonstrate that even the smallest perturbation is amplified manyfold, while the differential rotation of the disc means that the response is stretched out into a spiral-like pattern. John Magorrian will introduce the notion of the disc as a resonant cavity, within which spiral density perturbations rattle back and forth.

Episode Information

Series
Theoretical Physics - From Outer Space to Plasma
People
John Magorrian
Keywords
galaxy
gravity
dynamics
Department: Department of Physics
Date Added: 25/01/2018
Duration: 00:44:24

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Galaxy Dynamics: Stellar systems: a new state of matter

Series
Theoretical Physics - From Outer Space to Plasma
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Prof James Binney FRS will talk about stellar systems: a new state of matter
The long range of gravity means that many concepts from undergraduate statistical mechanics do not apply: energy is not extensive; there is no microcanonical or canonical ensemble. Stars and dark matter particles have long mean free paths, which means that to a very good approximation their motion is determined by the mean-field gravitational potential. James Binney will identify a hierarchy of timescales, explaining how the Boltzmann equation for the full 6N-dimensional many-particle phase space distribution function can be reduced to an evolutionary equation of a function of a mere 3 variables that is governed by the resonances among the particles' orbital frequencies.

Episode Information

Series
Theoretical Physics - From Outer Space to Plasma
People
James Binney
Keywords
galaxy
gravity
dynamics
Department: Department of Physics
Date Added: 25/01/2018
Duration: 00:51:19

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Imagining the Divine: Art and the Rise of World Religions

Series
TORCH | The Oxford Research Centre in the Humanities
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Mary Beard and Neil MacGregor in conversation

Episode Information

Series
TORCH | The Oxford Research Centre in the Humanities
People
undefined
Keywords
imagining
divine
art
history
material
culture
empires
faith
torch
Department: The Oxford Research Centre in the Humanities (TORCH)
Date Added: 24/01/2018
Duration: 01:09:15

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